I-AGROECOLOGY NOLIMO LWESIQHELO

I-Agroecology izama ukulungisa umonakalo omninzi obangelwe ngamashishini ezolimo. I-Agroecology ikhuthaza ulimo oluzinzileyo, ukuveliswa kokutya okukhuthaza impilo kunye nendlela yokutya eyahlukahlukeneyo ehambelana neenkcubeko zethu ezahlukahlukeneyo kwaye ifuna ukuqinisekisa ubulungisa kwezentlalo nokusingqongileyo kumhlaba wonke.

I-Agroecology ikhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kweendlela zolimo eziqhelekileyo/ iindlela zokulima ezazisetyenziswa ngookhokho bethu neziye zanceda uluntu kangangamawaka eminyaka.  Ezi ndlela zahluke kakhulu kulo lonke ihlabathi kodwa zonke zizama ukusebenzisana nendalo kunye neendawo ezingqongileyo ngokusekelwe kwiinzululwazi efunyenwe ngolwazi lokwemvelo. Singathi zonke ezi ndlela zi-agroecological. Eli lilifa lethu sonke eliveliswe ngenxa yokuthethathethana kwamafama ahlukahlukeneyo.

Ngaphandle kweendlela zokulima eziqhelekileyo, i-agroecology ikwaquka iindlela eziphucukileyo ezintsha ezihambelana nolwazi lwenzululwazi yakutshanje, ukuba nje oko kuphumeza iinjongo neemfuno zamafama asakhasayo kunye nabantu abahluphekayo ngokubanzi.

IMIGAQO GABALALA YOKULIMA NGE-AGROECOLOGY
Imigaqo gabalala yokulima nge-agroecology iquka: ukuphinda kusetyenziswe izinto ezibolayo; ukunyamekelwa komhlaba onemveliso; ukufumana kwakhona, ukuphindaphinda iimbewu zokwemvelo; ukwahluka kwezityalo nezilwanyano; ukudibanisa ulimo nokufuya impahla; ukwanda kokuba kutyiwe ukutya okuveliswe ekuhlaleni; ukunciphisa ukulahleka kwamanzi – zonke izinto ezinegalelo ekunciphiseni ukuba shushu komhlaba zize zikhuthaze ukongama kokutya.

Akukho ‘ndlela ziqingqiweyo’: I-Agroecology ayinazo ‘iindlela eziqingqiweyo’ zokwenza izinto — ilungela loo ndawo. Ngenxa yoko, uthethwano lwabalimi lungundoqo kwi-agroecology ukuze abalimi bafunde kwabanye baze bazame ‘ezona’ ndlela zisebenzayo.

Eminye imigaqo yopolitiko/ imilinganiselo ye-agroecologo: Ngoxa sivuma ukuxabiseka kweendlela zokulima eziqhelekileyo, ezidla ngokunikwa amagama awohlukahlukeneyo (ukulima kwesiqhelo, ukulima ngokwemvelo, ulimo oluzinzileyo, njl) kukho imigaqo nemilinganiselo yopolitiko esinokuthi ikhokela ize yahlule i-agroecology: iphulo lwenguquko kubunini bomhlaba; ukungavumi ukuba izinto zemvelo zibe nabanini abangamashishini abucala kodwa bonke abantu balawule (umhlaba, amanzi, imithombo, amachibi kunye nolwandle, ukuloba, amahlathi kunye nezimbiwa); ilungelo labalimi ukugcina//ukwandisa/ukutshintshiselana ngembewu zabo; ukuxhatshazwa kwabasebenzi; ukukhangela iindlela zokupucula impilo yabantu kunye nomgangatho wokuphila kubalimi abasakhasayo kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba ngabavalisi abazimeleyo. I-Agroecology ikhuthaza le migaqo malunga nolimo lwasezidolphini.

Ukuhambelana ngokwembali kwe-agroecology kuthi, kwingingqi ye-SADC nase-Afrika: Ngokwembali, phantsi kobukoloniyali, amafama amaninzi angama-Afrika kunye nabantu abakwilizwekazi lonke bebohluthwa umhlaba baze banyanzeliswe ukuba balime izityalo ezithengiswayo endaweni yokulimela ukuzondla. Ngaphandle kokwenza izigidi zabantu zihlupheke, oku kuhluthwa komhlaba kwajongela phantsi kwaye kwezinye iindawo kwatshabalalisa ulimo lwama-Afrika. EMzantsi Afrika sisabona iziphumo zobukoloniyali kunye norhulumente wocalucalulo. Kwamanye amazwe akwiSADC, apho ukubuyiselwa okuthile komhlaba kwabakho emva kokuba loo mazwe afumana ukuzimela, oko kuyalahleka njengoko kuye kusanda ukoxuthwa komhlaba namanzi kule minyaka iyi-30-40 idlulileyo..

INDLELA YOKWENZA IZINTO YABABHINQILEYO NE-AGROECOLOGY
Njengombutho okhuthaza ukuzilungelelanisa kwamabhinqa nolwa ukuba kubekho utshintsho kubomi bamabhinqa emhlabeni wonke, iindlela zamabhinqa kwi-agroecology ziquka ukuzabalaza nxamnye nokubonakala koshishino: amadoda alawulayo, ucalucalulo, ubundlobongela, ucinezelo nokuxhatshazwa kwabantu abasebenzayo kunye nendalo. Abathetheli bamabhinqa anyanzelisa ngelithi siyadinga kwaye kufuneka sixhomekeke kwizinto zemvelo ukuze sikwazi ukuphila kwaye kufuneka sivume size sihlonele ukulinganiselwa kwawo ekulondolozeni indalo.

Abathetheli mabhinqa ayathandabuza kwaye ayayichasa indlela yoshishino yokubakho koqoqosho oluxabisa izinto ezenzelwa ezoshishino — ukutsho oko, ngokusekelwe kubasebenzi ababhatalwayo nokuthenga nokuthengisa iimpahla neenkonzo ukuze kwenziwe inzuzo kodwa kungavumi ukuxabiseka komsebenzi “ongabonwayo” owenziwa ngamabhinqa amaxesha amaninzi. Ngokomzekelo, umsebenzi owenziwa yonke imihla ngamabhinqa ahlala ezilalini – ukuvelisa nokulungiselela ukutya kwemizi yabo, ukunyamekela intsapho nokuqinisekisa ukuba isizukulwana esilandelayo sabalimi nabasebenzi awuye unconywe.

Ngoxa abalwela amabhinqa ebethelela imfuneko yengeniso yemali, abathethela amabhinqa kwi-agroecology bakhangela iindlela ezahlukileyo zokulungelelanisa ezoqoqosho ukuze kukwazi ukulungelelaniswa phakathi kokuthengisa nokuzondla nokukhuthaza ukusondelelana (apho abavelisi basondele kangangaoko kubathengi), indibaniselwano ebandakanya ize ixabise ukubuyekeza, ukuzilawula negqitha ngaphaya kokwahlulwa kwabasebenzi ngokwesini sabo. Sekunjalo, ukuze amabhinqa angene kumathuba oqoqosho amatsha, kufuneka akwazi ukufikelela kwiinkonzo zoluntu ezifanelekileyo ezifana nothutho, impilo kunye nemfundo.